The main astronomical observatory of the National ...

The main astronomical observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (GAO NASU) is the Ukrainian astronomical observatory located in the Goloseevsky forest 12 km south of the center of Kiev (hence its unofficial name is the Goloseevsky observatory) at an altitude of 213 meters above sea level. Founded July 17, 1944 on the initiative of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR A. Ya. Orlov. Consists of 8 scientific departments. He is the founder of the Ukrainian Astronomical Association.
Main achievements:
- Atlas of the far side of the Moon was created according to the data of the Zond-3 spacecraft survey;
- the catalog of star data PHONAC was created;
- for the first time in the world, original spectral, photometric and polarimetric instruments have been created, with the help of which the physical characteristics of the atmospheres of Mars, Jupiter and Saturn are determined;
- Academician E.P. Fedorov developed the world's first nutation theory for a model of an absolutely elastic Earth and determined the nutation parameters from observational data;
- developed a family of photometric models of comets and the physical theory of cometary nuclei;
- an automatic computer telescope complex was created to study the Fraunhofer spectrum of the Sun, with the help of which, for the first time in the world, oscillators obtained about 2000 lines of 49 chemical elements;
- open blue compact galaxy SBS 0335-052 with a record shortage of heavy elements;
- original methods and software have been developed for observing space and astronomical objects and processing the obtained data;
- A technology has been developed for the manufacture of multicomponent achromatic and superachromatic phase-shifting plates.
- GAO NASU was the initiator and participant of international programs and projects, in particular the creation of a catalog of weak stars and a photographic sky survey, the observation of comet Halley (SOPROG), the determination of variations of the global characteristics of the Sun, and also participated in the preparation and implementation of space projects VEGA, Phobos, Coronas and others.