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Early in cancer development, human cancer cells express MIC on their cell surface in response to stress or oncogenic insult. Surface MIC acts as a ligand for the NKG2D immunoreceptor, which activates natural killer cells and co-stimulates CD8+ cytolytic T cells, leading to detection and elimination of tumor cells as part of normal immune surveillance activities. As the cancer progresses, cancer cells cleave surface MIC and releases a soluble form of MIC (sMIC) into the circulation. sMIC is highly immunosuppressive and disables the immune system by impairing NK and T cell activity, expanding the population of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages in tumor microenvironment. Altogether, these damaging effects of sMIC allows cancer cells to grow and thrive. CuraB-10 clears the immune destruction of sMIC and re-invigorates the immune system to fight cancer.
